Ecstasy Abuse-Causes and Effects

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Ecstasy Abuse

Ecstasy use is getting out of control. More young people are using ecstasy now than ever before. It a time where usage of every other drug is going down, or staying at the same level ecstasy is seeing huge increases in the number of people using it. Ecstasy use has gone up 47% since 15 (Special). There are many reasons that ecstasy is many people's drug of choice; however, if they knew the horrible effects that ecstasy can have on your body and mind it is doubtful it would still be such a popular drug.

One of the biggest reasons that ecstasy use is becoming so wide spread is people's misconception of it. Many people see it as a harmless party drug. Others have no idea what its side effects might be and use it just because everyone else is, and figure that must make it safe to use. Unlike other harmful drugs with the same level of side effects ecstasy use is very easy to get a hold of. Because of that, the people that they are buying it from may not be very experienced users and unable to tell people what to expect. Many young people have heard of or seen the horrible effects caused by cocaine, crack cocaine, heroine or LSD, and a certain negative stigma has been attached to them. However ecstasy is a relatively new drug and not much research has been completed on its side effects. Also the younger generation has seen the effects of the older generations drug use. They have heard about the flash backs people still get from LSD use and how horribly addicting cocaine and heroine can be. And have been taught by schools, commercials and parents that smoking marijuana is not socially acceptable. Unfortunately Ecstasy use is usually left out of the parental lectures, anti-drug commercials, and school lessons on drugs.

However that is not the only reason people use the drug ecstasy. Many people say they do it for enjoyment. The feelings while on ecstasy can be very pleasurable. While on ecstasy users get feelings of intimacy, empathy, trust emotional warmth and euphoria (Schlozman). After the first experience many ecstasy users want to feel these positive feelings again and become ongoing users. Another reason for the current trend of ecstasy abuse is the rise of the number of raves going on in America. Raves are usually large dance parties with loud, repetitive, synthesized electronical rock music at 80 to 10 beats per minute (Schwartz). They usually cost $7 to $15 dollars and are held at makeshift dance halls and Warehouses. Ecstasy is very easy to obtain at these raves and the vast majority of ravers there are on ecstasy. Its hard to tell if raves started the ecstasy trend we are now in or the other way around, But many people feel you would not have much of one without the other. Another reason for people to try ecstasy is peer pressure. Almost all teens and young adults want to feel like they belong to something. If many of ones friends are doing ecstasy it is hard to not fall to the temptation. By seeing their friends doing it most people figure that ecstasy cannot have many side effects. It is also possible to make new friends by just using ecstasy. Because when on it they feel more friendly and outgoing, and feel they fit better into the rave scene.

Unfortunately there still is not enough knowledge on exactly what the long term side effects of ecstasy are; however, the research that has been done shows some very serious side effects. One of these horrible side effects is called MDMA neurotoxicity. It is described as the lasting reduction of serotonin transporters occurred throughout the brain (Special). That can lead to Long-term affects on memory and other cognitive functions (Special). Also MDMA, or ecstasy can lead to Increases in the heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature (Special). At raves where many people are on ecstasy and dancing for extended amounts of time dehydration, heat stroke, and hypertension is common. In the most extreme cases this can lead to heart failure, kidney failure and even death. (Special) Almost all deaths that are associated with ecstasy are due to heat stroke. It can be almost 100 degrees inside a rave, and with long hours of aerobic dancing kids get a severe form of heatstroke(Special). In these conditions many of the ravers get heat stroke and do not even know it. Fortunately heat stroke is only fatal in the most extreme cases. On rare occasions ravers who feel they are having or heat stroke or are overly afraid of getting one can drink to much water and end up dying of water intoxication. Another fear is that ecstasy might be able to worsen pre-existing health problems such as heart conditions, liver problems, seizures and malignant hyperthermia. For anyone with one of these health problems even experimenting with ecstasy can be very dangerous. In fact the second biggest reason for death when taking ecstasy is death because of a previously unknown heart problem that is exacerbated by the use of ecstasy (Special). But even without a preexisting condition ecstasy can have very harmful affects on your heart. In a study published in the British Medical Journal

It says that Ecstasy produces indirect sympathetic activation by releasing norepinephrine, dopamine, and seretonin from central and peripheral autonomic nervous system terminals and serious cardiovascular complications have been well reported(Cardiovascular).

Unfortunately ecstasy also has many long-term psychological effects. It is thought this happens because of the effects it has on the neurotransmitter serotonin, which affects your emotional balance and moods (Boot). The U.S. army even experimented with it for awhile as a form of psychological warfare. Ecstasy can be horrible on your memory and cognitive functions with ecstasy users showing the worst results at every test session (Parrot) in one study. People can also experience extreme bouts of depression for several days after taking ecstasy. This depression usually goes away with to days. Dance safe, a very popular online rave web site, says that Some people experience depression after taking MDMA. This is caused by MDMA's action on certain brain chemicals(Dance). A.C. Parrot in his study done on ecstasy's short term effects found that days afterwards, the ecstasy user felt significantly more depressed, abnormal, unsociable, unpleasant, and less good tempered, then the controls(Parrot).

Even with these proven horrible side effects ecstasy use is still spiraling out of control. The causes are complex and can normally involve a number of issues stated in this paper; however, if more people were aware of the horrible side effects that came along with ecstasy abuse maybe the trend would slow down or stop as it did with LSD in the 70's. It is impossible to hit at every reason that might cause people to do ecstasy put more research can be done to show people the affects of their actions. Works Cited

A.C.,Parrot. Ecstasy (MDMA) Effects Upon Mood and Cognition; Before, During, and After a Saturday Night Dance. Psychopharmacology1 (00)61-68. American Search Premier. EBSCOhost. Blinn College Lib. Brenham, TX. June 00. http//search.epnet.com/login.sap?profile=asp.

Boot, Brendon P. MDMA (Ecstasy) Neurotoxicity Assessing and Communicating the Risks. Viewpoint Sep. 001. American Search Premier. EBSCOhost. Blinn College Lib. Brenham, TX. June 00. http//search.epnet.com/login.sap?profile=asp.

Cardiovascular Complications of Recreational Drugs. British Medical Journal Sep. 001 456. American Search Premier. EBSCOhost. Blinn College Lib. Brenham, TX. June 00. http//search.epnet.com/login.sap?profile=asp.

Schlozman, Steven C. The Shrink in the Classroom. Educational Leadership May 00 85. American Search Premier. EBSCOhost. Blinn College Lib. Brenham, TX. June 00. http//search.epnet.com/login.sap?profile=asp.

Schwartz, Richard. MDMA (Ecstasy) and the Rave; a Review. Pediatrics Oct. 17 785. American Search Premier. EBSCOhost. Blinn College Lib. Brenham, TX. June 00. http//search.epnet.com/login.sap?profile=asp.

Special Report Ecstasy Use On the Rise. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter Aug. 001. American Search Premier. EBSCOhost. Blinn College Lib. Brenham, TX. June 00. http//search.epnet.com/login.sap?profile=asp.

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Summary: "The Serpent Was There"

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In the essay The Serpent Was There, Margot Langstaff and Joseph Badaracco, Jr., express a very traumatic event that happened to Langstaff while she was working in Trinidad and Tobago , that changed her views of life forever.

Langstaff was the nurse supervisor for an organization called World Health, Inc. The non profit company was designed to provide modern treatment for surgical disorders (Langstaff and Badaracco, 416). That design was soon found faulty, when an elderly woman came into the hospital to get a cataract removed from her eye. The procedure was supposed to be simple and painless (Langstaff and Badaracco, 416). Just moments after the surgoen injected a substance, labled lidocane, into the elderly woman's eye, she began to painfully moan and shake her head in discomfort. The staff quickly realized that something had gone wrong. They could smell formaldehyde, and noticed that the bottle was mislabeld, causing the woman to loose all sight in that one eye. Two objectives arose; one was to tell everyone about the terrible mishap that happened, and two was to keep it a secret from all and continue their medical care. Ultimately, the staff chose to keep it a secret because the people still needed them.

The essay proves that we are all humans and all humans make mistakes. No matter how highly trained and ethical (Langstaff and Badaracco, 418) the person may be, they are still human. It also shows that when a mistake is made, you should always move on and try again. A person is never a failure until they give up.

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The Sale of Goods Act imposes terms relating to goods matching samples or descriptions, and meeting standards of fitness, quality, and title. Explain the nature of these implied terms and their effect on the parties. Indicate which terms are conditions

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With respect to the implied term relating to description, the Sale of Goods Act (SGA) states that, when a sale is accomplished by description, there is an implied condition that the goods delivered must correspond with the description or illustration provided. This includes the sale of all manufactured goods, even when sold in a self-serve context, because the consumer must rely on the description provided by the manufacturer in order to assess the goods and make a decision to purchase. This implied term signifies that the manufacturer must ensure that the description associated with a given product accurately represents the product in question. As for sale by sample, the SGA asserts that there is an implied condition that necessitates that the goods purchased correspond with the sample and that they not have any considerable hidden defects that would have influenced the consumer not to purchase them at the agreed upon price had he or she been aware of the defect. (In other words, there is an implied condition that the goods must be of merchantable quality.) However, had the defect been detectable upon examination of the sample, this sale by sample condition would not apply. Manufacturers can over-ride the implied condition relating to sale by sample with carefully worded clauses, such as warranties, unless such over-riding is prohibited by statute. Otherwise, the manufacturer has a duty to ensure that the products sold are of merchantable quality. As for the implied term relating to fitness and quality, again, the SGA states that the goods must be of merchantable quality but also that the goods must be suitable for the purpose for which they were purchased. This is a condition and it is met if the buyer notifies the seller about the purpose for which the goods will be used, the buyer relies of the seller's expertise, and the seller sells the goods in question in its normal course of business. This condition of fitness and quality does not apply when the goods are bought according to brand or trade name. The implied term of the SGA relating to title states that the seller must convey good title. Meaning, the seller must actually have the right to sell the goods. The seller must also provide quiet possession of the goods to the buyer. Meaning, a third party will not interfere with the buyer's enjoyment of the goods he or she purchased. The implied term relating to title is a warranty.

An implied warranty in the SGA is a minor, non-essential term of the contract. Its breach does not liberate the injured party from the rest of the contractual obligations. (In other words, it does not give the victim the right to terminate the contract.) On the other hand, a condition is an essential term of the contract. The breach of an implied condition permits the victim to treat the contract as invalid because the breach affects the very basis of the contract. In the context of this question, in the SGA, the implied terms that are warranties are those relating to title while the implied terms that are conditions are those relating to description, sale by sample and fitness and quality.

Please note that this sample paper on The Sale of Goods Act imposes terms relating to goods matching samples or descriptions, and meeting standards of fitness, quality, and title. Explain the nature of these implied terms and their effect on the parties. Indicate which terms are conditions is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on The Sale of Goods Act imposes terms relating to goods matching samples or descriptions, and meeting standards of fitness, quality, and title. Explain the nature of these implied terms and their effect on the parties. Indicate which terms are conditions, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on The Sale of Goods Act imposes terms relating to goods matching samples or descriptions, and meeting standards of fitness, quality, and title. Explain the nature of these implied terms and their effect on the parties. Indicate which terms are conditions will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Recall Gray Davis

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Recall Gray Davis

Recall of a state officer is initiated by delivering to the Secretary of State a petition alleging reason for recall. Sufficiency of reason is not review able… A petition to recall … must be signed by electors equal in number to 1 percent of the last vote for the office. An election to determine whether to recall an officer and, if appropriate, to elect a successor shall be called by the Governor and held not less than 60 days nor more than 80 days from the date of certification of sufficient signatures, in this case, about 00,000. If the majority vote on the question is to recall, the officer is removed and, if there is a candidate, the candidate who receives a plurality is the successor(CA State Constitution).

The question is, Why does the voters of California want to recall the governor in which they voted in? In short the people of California feel Gray Davis has failed the leadership test. His campaign was based on false information to the voters, and now they want to see justice.

Since Governor Davis campaigned for re-election, he brought false information regarding the size and scope of the budget crisis facing California. Davis has now admitted since his re-election to office that California is facing a $4.6 billion budget deficit. This is the largest budget deficit of any state in America. Everyday Californians learn of new hardships caused by the huge state deficit created by Governor Davis' out-of-control spending. Now the state is facing massive cuts in education and public safety and increases in every tax imaginable. Also, since Gray Davis has made the state unfriendly to businesses, and companies are increasingly moving jobs out of California.

Massive Tax Increase

Gov. Davis stated in his campaign that he would not raise taxes to balance the budget, but shortly after his election he announced a budget that contained $1 billion in new taxes. He has also recently come to an agreement with Controller Steve Westley that would triple the states car taxes.

The governor proposed a massive tax increase to help erase about a quarter of what he estimates to be a nearly $5 billion deficit. His plan raises state sales taxes by one percent, costing the average family at least a couple of hundred dollars per year, raising personal income taxes on the state's wealthiest resident by $.6 billion annually and imposes an additional $1.10 tax on packs of cigarettes.

These taxes will put a damper on investments. Businesses and wealthy individuals are already leaving the state at alarming levels and this budget will expedite the mass departures. California should focus on creating conditions necessary for job creation and business expansions, not running businesses out of the state. The real source of revenue in a healthy economy should be through low taxes, reform of workers' compensation and a return to commonsense regulation.

The new taxes and fees also severely impact the working families and local governments. The governor's proposal shifts $6 billion in costs to county governments by asking them to fund and manage key social services, public health, and criminal justice programs. Local governments already facing their own dramatic budget shortfalls, will now have to take on additional responsibilities and provide these important service with the money generated from the sales tax increases. The money from these taxes will most likely be insufficient to pay for the programs, thus leading to more fees and taxes on the local levels.

No cuts within the Prison System

The idea of slashing education programs, cutting health services and eliminating construction projects designed to alleviate traffic, but direct counties to run a variety of child abuse and health care services that they are ill equipped to finance or handle with a shortfall budget, but increase funding for our prisons, does not please the voters.

Davis budget plan makes perfect sense if youre a prison guard or a governor lining his bank account with money from prison unions. Meanwhile, if you are working within school systems or social services, youre busy wrestling with budget cuts. Virtually every program in the state has been reduced, Davis said as he announced his plans to balance the states budget.

The governor had to qualify his statement with virtually because prisons are Davis sacred cow. Despite a $4.8 billion deficit, the Department of Corrections is actually slated to get a 1 percent increase in funding in the governors proposed budget. The governors budget even includes $0 million for a new state-of-the-art death row facility at San Quentin Prison.

Furthermore, while Davis wisely suggested laying off about 1,00 state employees, he also called for adding 800 new prison employees, and potential contributors, to the corrections payroll. Instead of cutting prison budgets, Gov. Davis is willing to place the financial hardships on taxpayers with a one-cent sales tax increase, an increased fees for drivers licenses; a cigarette tax increase that would force smokers to cough up an extra $1.10 per pack; and a personal income tax increase for the states wealthiest residents

The governor also passed the buck to cities and counties, forcing them to operate costly long-term health care and child abuse programs usually run by the state, and one can bet the new tax revenue that Davis promises for these new responsibilities will not be enough to cover the expenses. As a result, local governments will be forced to find ways, meaning increased fees and taxes, to fund the programs the governor is handing them.

One will also find increased fees at the states community colleges, where tuition will more than double. The states community college chancellor, Tom Nussbaum, estimates 146,000 fewer students will attend community colleges next year because of the cuts. Maybe thats the governors grand plan, a less-educated population that is more likely to commit crimes. Eventually, the entire state could be one big prison. Think of all the guards and all the campaign contributions.

Californias prison health care costs rose from $8 million to more than $660 million in a recent four-year span. Last year, it was reported that California spends $4, per inmate on medical care each year. By comparison, an average of $4,67 was spent on health care for each American in 000. Californias escalating inmate health care costs are even more perplexing when you consider that the majority of prisoners are men in their mid-0s to 0s, and as a group should be relatively healthy.

The bottom line is that there are prison cuts and efficiency gains to be made if Davis is interested in looking. The governor is asking taxpayers to pay more taxes and fees. Hes asking cities and counties to do more with less. Hes cutting education by more than $5 billion. If he is truly serious about cutting state spending and charting a course for long-term economic health, shouldnt he ask prisons to share the burden?

Davis's Edison problem

Southern California Edison contributed more than $00.000 to Davis' campaign, and now he is trying to save the battered utility company. Gov. Davis is struggling to orchestrate a multimillion-dollar bailout of this utility company. Edison claims nearly a billion in debt and is no longer creditworthy enough to buy power. Davis' drive to bailout Edison is one of the biggest proposed corporate rescuers in U.S. history. This bailout is a huge priority for Davis, who has populated the top ranks of his energy team with Edison alumni.

The State of California is in such a budget crisis why does Governor Gray Davis focus on increasing monies toward the prison system or a utility company in which both organizations contributed large sums of money toward his campaign instead of considering the welfare of the citizens of the state, which voted for him into office? His unskilled practices in handling of the energy crisis will cost ratepayers for years to come. His lavish spending increases have busted the budget, and his fundraising tactics are borderline criminal. The citizens of California deserve justice and should not have to suffer through four more years of Gray Davis. The choice is clear, recall Governor Gray Davis, and put California back on the right track, instead of turning it into a huge train wreck.

 

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Muller yoghurt

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on muller yoghurt. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality muller yoghurt paper right on time.

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Muller yoghurt is very nice and everyone should eat it cause you can lick and suck it through a straw and then put it places you couldnt dream of and then wipe it off with a nice hygenic cloth that will get rid of all of it and then you wont be dirty.Muller yoghurt is also good for school children because it doesnt have any bad stuff in it like Ski yoghurts do and everyone knows that ski yoghurts suck my juicy balls alot. I personally like muller fruit corners because you can put the amount of fruit on you want and not what anyone else wants so you can personalise your yoghurt. The cheaper versions of muller yoghurt are not as good because they do not have all the good qualitys of muller like all the vitamins needed for a healthy life e.g. vitamins a+b+c+d+e+f.I quote that all my friends like it, nothing can compare to muller this is a quote from my best mate and he says so so there.

I would like to finish on a good note, MULLER RULES ALL.

P.S. If you want to get any hygenic cloths go to Aldi or Oxfan because they have to be the best shops in the world. The wipes only cost p for 100 so really your only paying 1p per wipe plus one FREE. Now thats a bargain if ever i saw one.

P.P.S.There is nothing wrong with frubes because they arevery handy and you can take them to school with you because all you have to do is to pull off the top and then you are on your lovely way to a nice helping of juicy yoghurt. The only problem is that you can spill it easily so yu will need wipes when you are eating them. You can also use them to imitate ejaculation. All you have to do is squeeze the tube when it is open and say Oh yeah thats the good stuff and you look like you are having a big orgasm.

men

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Surrealism

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Surrealism

Kevin Wilson

Photography enriches our lives in many ways. A creative photographer is one who selects and captures qualities in their subject that make the picture artistic rather than plain and common. Ways of making photographs creative and more interesting can be by using different techniques and art movements. Surrealism is a movement in art that attempts to express the subconscious mind. It is a style that shows strange objects and shapes like those in dreams and fantasies.

During the period of 18, the surrealist movement within photography was in what was known as its transition from an intuitive to a reasoning phase. Surrealism allows the viewer to enter a realm of dreams by conquest and normatively. Some take the history of photography to embody the political potential of surrealism in a variety of ways. They replace the notion of 'photography as an art' with the idea of 'art as photography'. It allows a window and everlasting view of the surroundings. Surrealism hoped to accomplish similar achievements, but instead of the surroundings around people, it is the surroundings in their dreams and fantasies. It was a way of expressing what a person sees that others can't. Photography could be seen in a special and interesting way, with the surrealists aimed at restoring the interest and quality to photos with an added magical concept to everyday objects and images.

One great photographer who used the method of surrealism and was able to capture images that appeared to be from dreams and fantasies was Kevin Wilson. He has been doing photography for many years and states that all my photographic work is dream inspired. (Quote The surrealist look at art). Like many other surrealists photographs, Wilson attempted to recreate the feelings, anxieties and emotions evoked through his dreams. Kevin worked with digital photography for many years and then begun experimenting with other methods such as pinhole cameras, solarisation, photogram, photomontage, glass negative and double exposure. Most of these techniques provide an unpredictable and hazy nature which is ideal for recreating dream settings.

The pinhole camera is considered a very simple technique. There is no need for a lens just a light proof box with a pin hole opening that allows light to hit a sheet of film. There is a lack of control which means you can never be sure how the final image will look. This technique provides a dream like quality and the image taken can be difficult to comprehend. Another technique is solarisation, it is the result of shinning light onto a developing photograph in the darkroom. The effect is a selective reversal of highlights and shadows where parts of the image are positive while other parts are negative and this can leave a distinct line where the reversal has occurred. It can produce dramatic effects of light and dark. A photogram is created without a camera, it is made by placing an object directly onto or holding it above light sensitive paper in a darkroom and then exposing it to light. Photomontage consists of combining several photographs together for each print. It is an ideal method for unifying unrelated elements producing images that have a dream like quality. Glass negative is a photographic print that is made from a design drawn onto a glass negative. Usually a drawing is scratched onto a coated glass plate that was then contact-printed onto sensitised paper. Double exposure is a film negative that has two separate images in the same frame. The photographer takes one photo, then focuses on another object and takes a second photo without forwarding the film. These are just some of the different techniques that the surrealist photographers use to create the dream and fantasy like images.

Kevin Wilson was a self-taught photographer, therefore everything he knows and knows about photography has come through a process of trial and error. This has given him the opportunity of having a great deal of freedom. Since he was unaware of the depth and knowledge involved with photography, when he received his first camera he basically made up his own ways to suit the subject matter. When following an art movement such as surrealism within photography it was a lot easier for him to just forget any of the rules involved with photography and follow whatever method was necessary. Wilson is using photography and surrealism as a way to explore his own emotions and dreams.

The art movement of surrealism is quite a difficult one to follow. Though it does offer photographers, such as Kevin Wilson a way of exploring and sharing his emotions and dreams. Through his photography all these emotions, anxieties and fantasies are able to surface and he can show people what he is going through and the experiences he is experiencing. Though surrealism was a popular art movement many, many years ago, it is only recently been picked up by photographers and their digital imaging. It is a great way of express what you are feeling and thinking to the onlookers of the photographs.

Please note that this sample paper on Surrealism is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Surrealism, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Surrealism will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Examination of charcters in the Play Hedda Gabler

If you order your cheap essays from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Examination of charcters in the Play Hedda Gabler. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Examination of charcters in the Play Hedda Gabler paper right on time.

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Examination of Charcters in the Play Hedda Gabler

Henrik Isben, author of the famous play Hedda Gabler, is called the father of modern drama and his play Hedda Gabler perfectly demonstrates why he is given this title. The way Isben jumped forward from traditional 1th century theater and focused on character rather than plot. Henrik Ibsen was born in the Stockman Building in Skien, Norway. After leaving school at age fifteen and working for six years as a pharmacists assistant, Ibsen went to Christiania hoping to continue his studies at Christiania University.(Linnea) While attending Christiana University Ibsen decided that writing would be his career and is where he began to write poems and plays. One of his popular plays Hedda Gabler, is a play concerning a frustrated aristocratic woman and the vengeance she inflicts on herself and those around her. Hedda Gabler is a play that focuses on the role of women in a male-dominated society. Ibsen is careful to present the character, not merely as a woman troubled by her own womanhood, but as a multifaceted and vague protagonist with a range of option and insinuation. Haggard by her good looks and manipulative ways, the cast of characters surrounding Hedda fall victim to her dangerous games.

As Wellek and Lawall put it We must pity her as a tortured, tormented creature caught in a web of circumstance, as a victim, in spite of her desperate struggles to dominate and control the fate of those around her(Wellek and Lawall 1). Her entrance introduces her dominant trait, a desire to control those she feels to be beneath her-especially Tesman. (Linnea) Most of the people who come into contact with Hedda Gabler seem to be intimidated by her. No other character in the play is as cruel and beleaguered as Hedda. She is her own victim in the play and she is the one character that stands out. Hedda exist as mercurial, appealing, and cursed with aggravation and an aim to hurt everyone around her.

Hedda has married George Tesman a wordy doctrinaire, dull and derivative man for very practicable reasons. She behaves with cold disdain towards her husband. Her relationship with Tesman is based on what she can gain from him not her love for him. Hedda, having reached a certain age and possibly lacking the financial resources to live independently, consents to marrying Tesman for those reasons. Hedda insists that Tesman buy a house which he cannot afford; when they move in, the genteel pretensions of the house irritate her it smells of death and lavender, it is too light, the piano is allwrong. (Barstow) In other words nothing seems to satisfy this woman. Hedda is a mediocre wife to George and hardly tolerates him. She cannot bear the idea of being a conservative wife or mother, and refuses to confess the fact that she is pregnant. She is disgusted by the thought of bearing his child. She is in hopeless fear and rather terrified refutation of her pregnancy.

Berte, Hedda and Tesman's maid on the other hand is just scared to be around Hedda and tries to do everything she can to please her but nothing appears to be good enough for Hedda. Every diminutive thing she does makes Hedda distress. Tesman, we really can't go on keeping this maid/ Look at that! She's left her old hat lying on the chair (Anthology 487) It seems as if Hedda tries to find things to pick on Berte about in this case it turns out that the old hat was Aunt Julia's.

Juliane Tesman, the aunt of George Tesman, is perhaps the only one in the play who can see beyond Heddas facade to discover her true self. (Dulles) Aunt Julia is not wanted in the household by Hedda either. Although she has not done anything to Hedda, Hedda insist on being denote towards her. She's beautiful-beautiful. Hedda is beautiful. God bless and keep you, Hedda Tesman. For George's sake. And Hedda replies Oh-let me go, please (Anthology 487) Hedda shows how callous she is here by showing Aunt Julia that she really doesn't care about her or her nephew. When Aunt Julia calls Hedda by her full name, Hedda Tesman it makes Hedda furious. Aunt Julia puts up with Heddas insults so long as she can give her news of her pregnancy and thus perpetuate the Tesman name. She knows that by calling Hedda's full wedded name makes her very annoyed.

Eilert Loevborg is Hedda's ex-lover on which she lives explicitly to because of the bond they once shared. Loevborg once was a drunk who turned himself around completely with the help of Thea Elvsted. Hedda finds a way to distress Loevborg because of her jealousy of the bond that he and Thea have formed by luring Loevborg back to alcohol and sending him to a party where he looses the manuscript that he and Mrs. Elvsted had worked so hard on. By Tesman finding the manuscript and giving it to Hedda creates a dilemma. Instead of giving the manuscript back to Loevborg Hedda burns it, destroying the life that Thea and Loevborg created together calling it there child. Im burning your child, Thea! You with your beautiful wavy hair! The child Eilert Loevborg gave you. I'm burning it! I'm burning your child! (Anthology 57) This is the climax of the play because once Loevborg finds out he has lost it Hedda hands him a pistol and tells him to kill himself persuading him to Do it beautifully (Anthology 56) Loevborg not only does not do it beautifullyas Hedda ordersbut doesnt do it at all. Instead he ends up in a brothel and becomes the victim of an accident when he gets into a scuffle and the gun goes off in his pocket, lodging a fatal bullet in his abdomen. (Silverman) The reason that I identify this as the climax is because it is the point of the story where there is great intensity. This is the turning point in the play.

Judge Brack, probably the only one who can manage Hedda due to his upsurge amount of information, is a degenerated man who uses what he knows to manipulate others. Brack's scheming nature can perhaps be considered the most compelling implement that he has. He is no better then Hedda and it is he at the end that gets Hedda back for the wrong she has done to others by blackmailing her. Well, luckily there is no danger, as long as I hold my tongue. (Anthology 56)

Hedda is perpetually bored and she keeps herself entertained by shooting her fathers pistols. These weapons express arrange of control and power that might be detained by those who are lacking power. A life of conventionality without faith leads her to boredom, emotional infertility, and suicide. By Loevborg not committing suicide beautifully as she ordered him to, Hedda feels bound to put things right by doing it herself, confusing everyone around her. Hedda's life is sensibly empty, and maybe one reason she takes her life is because she is drained of feelings. Although Ibsen supplies us with plenty of realistic reasons for Heddas suicideher pregnancy, her entrapment by Brack, and her boredomthe most fascinating one arises out of her disgust with Lovborgs end. (Silverman)

Heddas power is so extensive that her own self-destruction leads almost unavoidably to the obliteration of the other characters lives. As a result the cast of characters surrounding Hedda fall victim to her dangerous games but it she in the end that disintegrate.

Works Cited

Bartstow, Susan. Hedda Is All of Us Victorian Studies. 4. (001) DEC. 186.

http//muse.jhu.edu/journals/victorian_studies/v04/4.barstow.html

Dulles, Emilie, Is Hedda Gabler's Past It's Prime? Daily Princetonian. 16 NOV. 000

http//dailyprincetonian.com/archive/000/11/16/arts/1816.shtml

Isben, Henrik. Hedda Gabler The Norton Anthology of Masterpieces. New York

W.W.Norton & Company. 476-56.

Linnea Sharon, Hedda Gabler and A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen (study guide),

Barrons, 185. Contemporary Authors.

Silverman, Albert H, What Happens In Hedda. New York Review. 17.7 (171) 4

NOV. 171 http//www.nybooks.com/articles/10404

Wellek, Rene and Sarah Lawall. Introduction to Hedda Gabler. The Norton Anthology of

World Masterpieces. Eds. Sarah Lawall and Maynard Mack. 7th ed. Vol. . New

York W.W. Norton, 1. 1-15.

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